Xenのインストール
自分はOSをインストールするときに「仮想化」のパッケージグループを選択して、XenとKVM関係のパッケージをごりっとインストールしたので、OSのインストール完了時にはすでにDomain-0(dom0)が出来ていて、使用メモリも最大限が割当たってる状態でした。
# xm list Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 4916 4 r----- 37.4
Xenのバージョンを上げる
CentOS 5.4のデフォルトではXen3.0.3なので、これは残念ということでXenのバージョンを上げます。
ここからXen3.4.2のパッケージを引っ張ってくる。自分は極力yumにrpm管理させたいのでrepoファイルを取ってきて/etc/yum.repos.dに追加しました。
# cd /etc/yum.repost.d # wget http://www.gitco.de/repo/CentOS5-GITCO_x86_64.repo
するとgitcoのレポジトリを見に行って、新しいパッケージを取ってきてくれます。
$ yum search xen Installed Packages <-- JAISTの方 Name : xen Arch : x86_64 Version : 3.0.3 Release : 94.el5_4.3 ... Available Packages <-- gitcoの方 Name : xen Arch : x86_64 Version : 3.4.1 Release : 7.el5 ... $ sudo yum update xen virt-manager
これでXen Hypervisorが3.4.2になりました。（kernel-xenは変更してません）
Domain-U(domU)を作成する
CentOSではvirt-installを使ってdomUを簡単に作成することができます。今回は下記のようなオプションを作成しました。準仮想化で、CPU数は１、10GBの仮想ディスクを作成します。またインストーラはsshしているコンソール上で行うのでGUIはオフ。
$ virt-install \ --paravirt \ --name=masaru \ --vcpus=1 \ --ram=2048 \ --file=/var/xen/masaru/disk.img \ --file-size=10 \ --nonsparse \ --location=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/centos/5/os/x86_64/ \ --nographics インストールを開始しています... ファイル vmlinuz を読出中... | 1.9 MB 00:00 TA ファイル initrd.img を読出中... | 7.1 MB 00:01 ETA ストレージファイルを作成中... | 10 GB 01:18 ETA ドメインを作成中... | 0 B 00:14 Connected to domain masaru Escape character is ^] Bootdata ok (command line is method=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/centos/5/os/x86_64/) Linux version 2.6.18-164.el5xen (mockbuild@builder10.centos.org) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)) #1 SMP Thu Sep 3 04:03:03 EDT 2009 BIOS-provided physical RAM map: Xen: 0000000000000000 - 0000000080800000 (usable) No mptable found. Built 1 zonelists. Total pages: 526336 Kernel command line: method=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/centos/5/os/x86_64/ Initializing CPU#0 PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12, 32768 bytes) Xen reported: 2500.000 MHz processor. Console: colour dummy device 80x25 Dentry cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes) Software IO TLB disabled Memory: 2038528k/2105344k available (2490k kernel code, 57932k reserved, 1388k data, 184k init) Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 6253.36 BogoMIPS (lpj=12506731) Security Framework v1.0.0 initialized SELinux: Initializing. selinux_register_security: Registering secondary module capability Capability LSM initialized as secondary Mount-cache hash table entries: 256 ... XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/vbd/51712 XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/vif/0 XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/console/0 Initalizing network drop monitor service Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 478k Greetings. anaconda installer init version 11.1.2.195 starting mounting /proc filesystem... done creating /dev filesystem... done mounting /dev/pts (unix98 pty) filesystem... done mounting /sys filesystem... done anaconda installer init version 11.1.2.195 using /dev/xvc0 as console trying to remount root filesystem read write... done mounting /tmp as ramfs... done running install... running /sbin/loader
とこんな具合に仮想マシンが起動し、インストーラが走ります。うまく表示されてないですが、選択したいところでスペースおしたり、タブで項目移動するのは一緒です。
Welcome to CentOS
+---------+ Choose a Language +---------+
| |
| What language would you like to use |
| during the installation process? |
| |
| Croatian ^ |
| Czech : |
| Danish # |
| Dutch : |
| English : |
| Estonian : |
| Finnish : |
| French v |
| |
| +----+ |
| | OK | |
| +----+ |
| |
| |
+---------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen インストール用のネットワークの設定なのでIPv4のDHCPのみ選択して次へ。
Welcome to CentOS
+----------------+ Configure TCP/IP +----------------+
| |
| [*] Enable IPv4 support |
| (*) Dynamic IP configuration (DHCP) |
| ( ) Manual configuration |
| |
| [ ] Enable IPv6 support |
| (*) Automatic neighbor discovery (RFC 2461) |
| ( ) Dynamic IP configuration (DHCP) |
| ( ) Manual configuration |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+----------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen インストーラのディスクイメージを引っ張ってきています。
Welcome to CentOS
+----------------------------+ Retrieving +----------------------------+
| |
| Retrieving images/stage2.img... |
| |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen
GUIは使わないので"Use text mode"を選択。
+------+ Would you like to use VNC? +-------+
| |
| The VNC mode installation offers more |
| functionality than the text mode, would |
| you like to use it instead? |
| |
| +---------------+ +-----------+ |
| | Use text mode | | Start VNC | |
| +---------------+ +-----------+ |
| |
| |
+-------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen こんにちは！
Welcome to CentOS
+------------------+ CentOS +-------------------+
| |
| Welcome to CentOS! |
| |
| |
| +----+ |
| | OK | |
| +----+ |
| |
| |
+-----------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen 仮想ディスク初期化してないので出る表示。ぜひ初期化してください。
Welcome to CentOS
+---------------+ Warning +---------------+
| |
| The partition table on device xvda ^ |
| (Xen Virtual Block Device 10237 MB) # |
| was unreadable. : |
| To create new partitions it must be : |
| initialized, causing the loss of : |
| ALL DATA on this drive. : |
| : |
| This operation will override any : |
| previous installation choices about : |
| which drives to ignore. : |
| : |
| Would you like to initialize this v |
| |
| +-----+ +----+ |
| | Yes | | No | |
| +-----+ +----+ |
| |
| |
+-----------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen xvdaというXen用のディスクデバイスを選択。（当然ながら実態は仮想ディスク）
Welcome to CentOS
+-------------------------+ Partitioning Type +-------------------------+
| |
| Installation requires partitioning of your hard drive. The |
| default layout is reasonable for most users. You can either |
| choose to use this or create your own. |
| |
| Remove all partitions on selected drives and create default layout. |
| Remove linux partitions on selected drives and create default layout. |
| Use free space on selected drives and create default layout. |
| Create custom layout. |
| |
| Which drive(s) do you want to use for this installation? |
| [*] xvda 10237 MB (Xen Virtual Block Device) ^ |
| # |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
<Space>,<+>,<-> selection | <F2> Add drive | <F12> next screen はい、お願いします。
Welcome to CentOS
+-------------------+ Warning +--------------------+
| |
| You have chosen to remove all Linux partitions |
| (and ALL DATA on them) on the following drives: |
| |
| xvda (Xen Virtual Block Device 10237 MB) |
| |
| Are you sure you want to do this? |
| |
| +----+ +-----+ |
| | No | | Yes | |
| +----+ +-----+ |
| |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen 一応パーティションの情報を確認します。
Welcome to CentOS
+-------+ Review Partition Layout +-------+
| |
| Review and modify partitioning layout? |
| |
| +-----+ +----+ |
| | Yes | | No | |
| +-----+ +----+ |
| |
| |
+-----------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen 次はファイルシステムの設定画面。swapに4096MBとか割当たってたので2048MBに変更。
Welcome to CentOS
+------------------------------+ Partitioning +------------------------------+
| |
| Device Start End Size Type Mount Point |
| VG VolGroup00 10112M VolGroup ^ |
| LV LogVol00 8064M ext3 / : |
| LV LogVol01 2048M swap : |
| /dev/xvda # |
| xvda1 1 13 101M ext3 /boot : |
| xvda2 14 1305 10134M physical v : |
| : |
| : |
| : |
| v |
| |
| +-----+ +------+ +--------+ +------+ +----+ +------+ |
| | New | | Edit | | Delete | | RAID | | OK | | Back | |
| +-----+ +------+ +--------+ +------+ +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
F1-Help F2-New F3-Edit F4-Delete F5-Reset F12-OK ブートローダにはGRUBを使います。
Welcome to CentOS
+----------+ Boot Loader Configuration +-----------+
| |
| Which boot loader would you like to use? |
| |
| (*) Use GRUB Boot Loader |
| ( ) No Boot Loader |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen 特に設定することはないのでデフォルト値を使用。
Welcome to CentOS
+------------------+ Boot Loader Configuration +------------------+
| |
| A few systems will need to pass special options to the kernel |
| at boot time for the system to function properly. If you need |
| to pass boot options to the kernel, enter them now. If you |
| don't need any or aren't sure, leave this blank. |
| |
| console=xvc0____________________________________ |
| |
| [ ] Force use of LBA32 (not normally required) |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen GRUBのパスワードを設定する場合はここで設定。自分はいらないので空のまま進める。
Welcome to CentOS
+-------------+ Boot Loader Configuration +-------------+
| |
| A boot loader password prevents users from passing |
| arbitrary options to the kernel. For highest |
| security, we recommend setting a password, but this |
| is not necessary for more casual users. |
| |
| [ ] Use a GRUB Password |
| |
| Boot Loader Password: ________________________ |
| Confirm: ________________________ |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen 起動デバイスにLVMを選択します。
Welcome to CentOS
+-------------------+ Boot Loader Configuration +-------------------+
| |
| The boot manager CentOS uses can boot other operating systems |
| as well. You need to tell me what partitions you would like to |
| be able to boot and what label you want to use for each of them. |
| |
| Default Boot label Device |
| * CentOS /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 ^ |
| : |
| : |
| # |
| v |
| |
| +----+ +------+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Edit | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
<Space> select | <F2> select default | <F4> delete | <F12> next screen> ブートローダのインストール先を選択。MBRに入れてください。
Welcome to CentOS
+----------+ Boot Loader Configuration +----------+
| |
| Where do you want to install the boot loader? |
| |
| /dev/xvda Master Boot Record (MBR) |
| /dev/xvda1 First sector of boot partition |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen ネットワークの設定は当然します。Yesを選択。
Welcome to CentOS
+----+ Configure Network Interface +-----+
| |
| Would you like to configure the eth0 |
| network interface in your system? |
| |
| +-----+ +----+ |
| | Yes | | No | |
| +-----+ +----+ |
| |
| |
+----------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen IPv6は特にいらないのでデフォルトのままでOKを押す。
Welcome to CentOS
++ Network Configuration for eth0 ++
| |
| Xen Virtual Ethernet |
| 00:16:36:78:65:75 |
| |
| [*] Activate on boot |
| [*] Enable IPv4 support |
| [ ] Enable IPv6 support |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+----------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen DHCPにするのでこのままOKを押す。
Welcome to CentOS
+-----+ IPv4 Configuration for eth0 +-----+
| |
| Xen Virtual Ethernet |
| 00:16:36:78:65:75 |
| |
| (*) Dynamic IP configuration (DHCP) |
| ( ) Manual address configuration |
| |
| IP Address Prefix (Netmask) |
| ________________ / ________________ |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-----------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen ホスト名もとりあえずDHCPによる割り振りにします。
Welcome to CentOS
+--------------------+ Hostname Configuration +--------------------+
| |
| If your system is part of a larger network where hostnames are |
| assigned by DHCP, select automatically via DHCP. Otherwise, |
| select manually and enter a hostname for your system. If you |
| do not, your system will be known as 'localhost.' |
| |
| (*) automatically via DHCP |
| ( ) manually ________________________ |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen タイムゾーンはAsia/Tokyoを選択。
Welcome to CentOS
+-------+ Time Zone Selection +-------+
| |
| What time zone are you located in? |
| |
| [*] System clock uses UTC |
| |
| Asia/Tbilisi ^ |
| Asia/Tehran : |
| Asia/Thimphu # |
| Asia/Tokyo : |
| Asia/Ulaanbaatar v |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen rootのパスワードの設定。
Welcome to CentOS
+--------------+ Root Password +---------------+
| |
| Pick a root password. You must type it |
| twice to ensure you know what it is and |
| didn't make a mistake in typing. Remember |
| that the root password is a critical part |
| of system security! |
| |
| Password: ********________________ |
| Password (confirm): ********________________ |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+----------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen インストールするパッケージグループの選択をします。
Welcome to CentOS
+----------------------+ Package selection +----------------------+
| |
| The default installation of CentOS includes a set of software |
| applicable for general internet usage. What additional tasks |
| would you like your system to include support for? |
| |
| [*] Server - GUI ^ |
| [ ] Virtualization : |
| [ ] Clustering # |
| [ ] Storage Clustering v |
| |
| [*] Customize software selection |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
<Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen 自分が選んだパッケージは下記の通り。
- Administration Tools
- Base
- Development Tools
- Editors
- GNOME Desktop Environment
- Graphical Internet
- Web Server
- X Window System
そしていよいよインストールを始めます！
Welcome to CentOS
+---------+ Installation to begin +----------+
| |
| A complete log of your installation will |
| be in /root/install.log after rebooting |
| your system. You may want to keep this |
| file for later reference. |
| |
| +----+ +------+ |
| | OK | | Back | |
| +----+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+--------------------------------------------+
<Space>,<+>,<-> selection | <F2> Group Details | <F12> next screen 進捗がずーっと表示されます。
Welcome to CentOS
+------------------+ Package Installation +------------------+
| |
| Name : |
| Size : |
| Summary: |
| |
| |
| Status:+---------+ Install Starting +----------+ |
| | | |
| | Starting install process. This may | |
| | take several minutes... | |
| | | Time |
| Total +---------------------------------------+ |
| Complet |
| Remaining: 944 2311M |
| |
| 0% |
| |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
<Space>,<+>,<-> selection | <F2> Group Details | <F12> next screen いよいよインストールが終わって再起動します！
Welcome to CentOS
+----------------------+ Complete +-----------------------+
| |
| Congratulations, your CentOS installation is complete. |
| |
| Remove any media used during the installation process |
| and press <Enter> to reboot your system. |
| |
| |
| +--------+ |
| | Reboot | |
| +--------+ |
| |
| |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
<Enter> to reboot domUが再起動される様子がターミナルに表示されます。
sending termination signals...done sending kill signals...done disabling swap... /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01 unmounting filesystems... /mnt/runtime done disabling /dev/loop0 /proc done /dev/pts done /sys done /tmp/ramfs done /selinux done /mnt/sysimage/boot done /mnt/sysimage/sys done /mnt/sysimage/proc done /mnt/sysimage/selinux done /mnt/sysimage/dev done /mnt/sysimage done rebooting system Restarting system. ゲストのインストールが完了しました... ゲストを再起動しています
Ctrl-]を押してdom0に戻ってみます。下記のコマンドで無事にdomUが作成されたことを確認します。
# xm list Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 2464 4 r----- 1583.4 masaru 3 2048 1 -b---- 1219.4
